Though, on the whole, literal Israel failed to realize her exalted destiny, the chosen race did make a worth-while, though imperfect, contribution to the preparation of the world for the first advent of the Messiah (see on Matthew 2:1). ), success must and will comethrough Israel after the spirit. You are here: Home 1 / Timelines 2 / Chronology of the Prophets See also the Chronology of the Latter Prophets and the Intertestamental Period. Note that blocking some types of cookies may impact your experience on our websites and the services we are able to offer. Hosea 2:6-13). A Harmony of the Life of Jesus - Four gospel accounts in harmony. Furthermore, the repeated mention of Judahs wickedness, described as enormous in his day (see chapters 1:4-6, 8, 9, 12; 3:1-3, 7), points to the time before Josiahs reform, which began in 623/22. It was Gods design that the whole earth be prepared for the first advent of Christ, even as to-day the way is preparing for His second coming. He says specifically that by Jew he does not mean a literal Jew but one converted at heart, whether he be Jew or Gentile (chapter 2:28, 29). Thus it had been with Enoch (Genesis 5:24), Abraham (chapter 26:5), and Joseph (chapter 39:2-6). It was to be the result of wholehearted cooperation with the will of God as revealed through the prophets, and of divine blessing added to human efforts. Bible Commentary / Produced by TOW Project. One challenging point in history is the divided kingdoms of Israel (the 10 northern tribes) and Judah (the 2 southern tribes). God may reject one nation or group of people in favor of another if those first summoned persistently refuse to cooperate with Him (see Jeremiah 18:6-10; cf. Having begun his ministry in the time of Uzziah, king of Judah, and Jeroboam II, king of Israel (chapter 1:1), Hosea continued until the time of Hezekiah, king of Judah (chapter 1:1). The day, before, He had called it my house (chapter 21:13), but henceforth He no longer owned it as His. Micah's prophecy was likely directed toward both Judah and Israel. Jeremiah 49:14, 16), and Joel (Obadiah 15, 17; cf. Isaiahs whole ministry from Uzziah to Manasseh must therefore have lasted more than half a century. If you refuse cookies we will remove all set cookies in our domain. These cookies are strictly necessary to provide you with services available through our website and to use some of its features. Period Northern Kings Northern Prophets Southward Kings Southern Prophets United kingdom under Saul, David, Soro, c. 1030 - <> If you do not want that we track your visit to our site you can disable tracking in your browser here: We also use different external services like Google Webfonts, Google Maps, and external Video providers. prophecies of Elijah, Micaiah, and Elisha. For two of them (Joel and Obadiah), however, no conclusive evidence as to the time of their work exists, and scholars differ widely in their views concerning this matter. ), those pointing forward to the eternal rest in Canaan (Isaiah 11:6-9; 35; 65:17-25; 66:20-23; Jeremiah 17:25; Ezekiel 37; 40-48; Zechariah 2:6-12; 14:4-11), and those promising deliverance from her enemies (Isaiah 2:10-21; 24-26; Ezekiel 38; 39; Joel 3; Zephaniah 1; 2; Zechariah 9:9-17; 10-14; etc. The number who returned upon the decree of 537 B.C. In Jewish tradition it is believed that the period of prophecy, called Nevuah, ended with Haggai, Zechariah, and Malachi at which time the "Shechinahdeparted from Israel". Accordingly, the covenant promises and privileges were all permanently transferred from literal to spiritual Israel (Romans 9:4; cf. The consecutive order of the book of Haggai would indicate that his whole recorded ministry lasted not longer than 31/2 months, beginning (chapter 1:1) on August 29, 520 B.C., and extending, in his last two recorded speeches (chapter 2:10, 20), to December 18, 520. His word endureth for ever (1 Peter 1:25). Because I find it hard to think about However, that earthquake must have been very severe, for the memory of it was still fresh in the minds of people who lived 250 years later, as Zechariah 14:5 shows. The remaining messages and prophecies, found in chapters 9-14, are not dated, a fact that prevents us from fixing the duration of the prophets activity. Blog / Updated: Chart of Israel's and Judah's Kings and Prophets By divine appointment the sacred writings were preserved, century after century, and Israel became their custodian (Amos 3:7; Romans 3:1, 2). Daniel 2:35). In general, Old Testament promises and predictions were addressed to literal Israel and were to have been fulfilled to them, conditional on obedience. Picture Study Bible - StudyBible with Pictures and Maps. His call came to him sometime in October/November, 520 B.C., in the same year as Haggais first appearance (chapter 1:1). Promises not already fulfilled to literal Israel either would never be fulfilled at all or would be fulfilled to the Christian church as spiritual Israel. was 42,360, besides servants. He will listen to the prophet speaking to Israel of old and endeavor to understand what his words meant to the people who originally heard them. Prophets arose in Israel during the period when Israel's kings challenged the people in powerthe political rulers and the economic elite. Encouraging Hezekiah and the people through his own trust in God, he was instrumental in saving Jerusalem. Jesus own verdict was, The kingdom of God shall be taken from you, and given to a nation bringing forth the fruits thereof (Matthew 21:43; cf. This Upper Egyptian capital city, better known by its Greek name Thebes, was destroyed by King Ashurbanipal in 663 B.C., a date that provides the upper time limit of Nahums prophecy. We provide you with a list of stored cookies on your computer in our domain so you can check what we stored. Paul makes it clear beyond argument that when he speaks of Israel as the chosen people of God he means it in this sense. lOWT)`~z|&`{AO b W/zx|2u?/l|{X&u~|j0[ZvwR^+=/{w_&vJ:( In fact, this procedure is responsible more than anything else for the fanciful interpretations that distinguish the teachings of certain religious groups. Both names are somewhat inaccurate. No chronological data are given, but the prophet speaks of the fall of No (chapter 3:8) as an event of the past. Every resource on our site was made possible through the financial support of people like you. Timeline: Prophets in the Reigns of Kings of Judah and Israel. Blessings if they followed the LORD and curses if they forsook him. 3. The sanctuary became Gods dwelling place among them (see Exodus 25:8), its priests were ordained to minister before Him (Hebrews 5:1; 8:3), its services provided an object lesson of the plan of salvation and prefigured the coming of the Messiah (1 Corinthians 5:7; Colossians 2:16, 17; Hebrews 9:1-10; 10:1-12). Due to security reasons we are not able to show or modify cookies from other domains. Following this line of interpretation, some have gone to the extreme of proposing a Christian migration to Palestine. BC dates, I've also included the number of years since the end of Please be aware that this might heavily reduce the functionality and appearance of our site. These observations seem to place Zephaniah in the early years of Josiahs reign, perhaps about 630 B.C., as a contemporary of Habakkuk. ), have never been and can never be fulfilled to them as a nation. Galatians 5:19-23), and because of this failure to bear the fruit expected of them, forfeited their role in the divine plan (see Romans 11:20). Prophets in Judaism - Wikipedia Since no conclusive evidence for any of these three views exists, all are presented here: 1. During the siege, reprobate Israelites would be slain by their foes (Zechariah 13:8; 14:2). 4. We need 2 cookies to store this setting. 4:3 with Amos 8:8; Hosea 4:15 with Amos 5:5; and Hosea 8:14 with Amos 2:5). Pests and diseases, flood and drought, crop failureall these would eventually disappear. 2. He would renew His covenant with them (Jeremiah 31:10-38; Ezekiel 36:21-38; Zechariah 1:12, 17; 2:12), including its accompanying blessings (Jeremiah 33:3, 6-26; Ezekiel 36:8-15). Since these providers may collect personal data like your IP address we allow you to block them here. Timeline: Prophets in the Reigns on Kings of Judah and Israel This tabular displays and reigns of either of to Kings of Judah and Israel, together with the daten and lengths of the ruler, and the prophets who where active at that time. Hence the year 571/70 must not be considered as necessarily marking the end of his ministry. Text from Earth's Sacred Calendar: The Dated Events of the Old Testament TWENTY-FIVE Israel's 44 Kings and Their Prophets Saul Seeks Father's Donkeys Until the Temple Starts Burning Sunday September 22 - Tishri 10, 1050 BC To Monday July 21 - Av 7, 526 BC 523 Years and 303 Days Ultimately Israel was conquered by Assyria and went into captivity in 721 BC, never to return as an independent nation. DIVIDED KINGDOM c.930-c.586 BC From the internal strife that divided the nation of Israel to the prophets who warned of the coming exile. The blessings of health. The prophet Ezekiel, a priest, was one of the 10,000 Jews taken into exile by Nebuchadnezzar in 597 B.C., when King Jehoiachin was carried to Babylon. In spite of Israels ultimate failure, a limited knowledge of the true God and of the Messianic hope was widespread when the Saviour was born (see on Matthew 2:1). They would send messengers to Israel with the declaration, We will go with you: for we have heard that God is with you (Zechariah 8:23). For a graphic picture of how one nation would have responded to the irresistible appeal radiating from an Israel faithful to God, see Isaiah 19:18-22; cf. Louis F. Hartman and Alexander A. Far from becoming the light of the world, the Jews shut themselves away from the world as a safeguard against being seduced into idolatry (see Deuteronomy 11:26, 27; cf. In a mysterious way known only to God the prophets words were sometimes intended to meet their fulfillment in the then far-distant future. The covenant with literal Israel proved faulty, not because God failed to carry out His part of the covenant, but rather because Israels fair promises proved evanescent as the morning dew (Hosea 6:4; 13:3; Hebrews 8:6, 7). Rashi (Megillah 3a) suggests that Daniel wasn't a prophet and should be replaced by . Feebleness and disease were to disappear entirely from Israel as the result of strict adherence to healthful principles (see Exodus 15:26; Deuteronomy 7:13, 15; etc.). We hope what you find here will add to your understanding of and appreciation for the Bible. List of Jewish Prophets The prophets did not always clearly understand messages they themselves had borne pointing forward to the distant future, to the coming of the Messiah (1 Peter 1:10, 11). There is no surer protection against the speculative vagaries of religious visionaries than a clear knowledge of the historical context of Scripture. A date, possibly about 630 B.C., but before the Chaldeans had become a power of some importance, would seem most appropriate for the period of Habakkuks prophetic activity. But because of apostasy it was the predictions of national honor and glory that could not be fulfilled. 3. In trying to keep all of these people and messages clear in my mind, I have put together a list of all the kings and prophets during the period of the divided kingdom (roughly 931-586 BC). Elijah | Biography, Name, Meaning, Story, & Elisha | Britannica We may request cookies to be set on your device. The accompanying chart enables the reader to study these prophets in their historical setting. The ministry of Amos may therefore have fallen in the years 767-753 B.C. Those nations that rejected the worship and service of the true God, were to be dispossessed, and Israel would inherit the Gentiles chapter (54:3). for more details of the individual monarchs and prophets. Image by For these reasons his ministry can be dated from about 755 (or earlier) to about 725 B.C. seem to refer to those recorded in 2 Kings 8:20-22 and 2 Chronicles 21:8-10, 16, while nothing points to the troubles caused by Hazael, as narrated in 2 Kings 12:17, 18 and 2 Chronicles 24:23, 24, it has been concluded that Joel gave his messages during the time lying between these two events. Josiah was also still a young king, having reached the age of but 21 years at that time. Many messages and prophecies can be understood correctly only if seen against the background of the time in which the prophets ministered and in the light of the events that happened during their lives.