Which of the following countries has a high-context culture? The situation, people, and non-verbal elements are more important than the actual words that are communicated. Recruiters often rank communication skills as the highest skill set sought by employers. Japan Norway Germany Japan United States Rationale: Japan, along with China and Arab countries, is a high-context culture. On [14] In this context, modernization could be viewed as adoption of Enlightenment era beliefs and practices, such as science, rationalism, industry, commerce, democracy, and the notion of progress. 37. Although more inclusive than earlier views, this approach to culture still allowed for distinctions between "civilized" and "primitive" or "tribal" cultures. Performance Orientation: The degree to which a collective encourages and rewards group members for performance improvement and excellence. Westerners are more motivated by their successes than their failures, while East Asians are better motivated by the avoidance of failure. During the Romantic era, scholars in Germany, especially those concerned with nationalist movementssuch as the nationalist struggle to create a "Germany" out of diverse principalities, and the nationalist struggles by ethnic minorities against the Austro-Hungarian Empiredeveloped a more inclusive notion of culture as "worldview" (Weltanschauung). It complements the findings from the first volume with in-country leadership literature analyses, interview data, focus group discussions, and formal analyses of printed media to provide in-depth descriptions of leadership theory and leader behavior in those 25 cultures. b. This model assumes a mass production of culture and identifies power as residing with those producing cultural artifacts. 1) According to Bastian, all human societies share a set of "elementary ideas" (Elementargedanken); different cultures, or different "folk ideas" (Vlkergedanken), are local modifications of the elementary ideas. answer choices reflect unfamiliar or unclear words that his audience might not understand. These communicators represent what kind of culture? 1784. These communicators represent what kind of culture? Which of the following countries represents a high-context culture? Trust must be developed before business transactions can begin. United States b. Germany c. Norway d. Japan ANSWER: RATIONALE: Japan, along with China and Arab countries, is a high-context culture.d. b. Rein Raud, building on the work of Umberto Eco, Pierre Bourdieu and Jeffrey C. Alexander, has proposed a model of cultural change based on claims and bids, which are judged by their cognitive adequacy and endorsed or not endorsed by the symbolic authority of the cultural community in question. Exploring What Liquor is in an Old Fashioned: History, Tips & Secrets of Crafting the Perfect Classic Cocktail, Welcome Your Guests in Style: Entryway Tile Ideas for a Stylish, How to Play Music on Jetson Hoverboard: A Step-by-Step Guide, Exploring Julia Stiles Career as a Dancer: From Beginner to Accomplished Performer, How to pick out the proper payroll software for your enterprise, Security Tips For Every Web Developer Should Follow, Elevate your e-commerce business by enhancing packaging, Top 15 Decentralized Autonomous Organization Companies, 10 Must-Have Skills for Any Web Developer (Latest Guide 2023), Does Chobani Have Live Cultures? China Explanation- High context culture countries are those where most of the people are highly educated and they follow certain norms and rituals and they b. Cultures are externally affected via contact between societies. Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions: Theory, Purpose & Types | What is Cultural Dimension? In 1860, Adolf Bastian (18261905) argued for "the psychic unity of mankind. Following nineteenth-century Romantics, they identified culture with consumption goods and leisure activities (such as art, music, film, food, sports, and clothing). For instance, relationships between popular culture, political control, and social class were early and lasting concerns in the field. is defined as the perception of membership in a group that is part of an The Self in a Social Context: Help and Review, Figure-Ground Perception: Definition & Examples, Psychological Research & Experimental Design, All Teacher Certification Test Prep Courses, Introduction to Social Psychology: Help and Review, Research Methods and Ethics: Help and Review, Social Cognition & Perception: Help and Review, The Self: Executive and Organizational Functions & Gender and Cultural Differences, Introspection and Self-Awareness Theory in Psychology: Definition & Examples, Self-Perception Theory: Definition and Examples, Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation in Education: Definition & Examples, Two-Factor Theory of Emotions: Definition and Relation to the Misattribution of Arousal, Social-Comparison Theory: Upward vs. Social media always makes individuals of various cultures feel connected. [71][72][73], This article is about culture as used in the social sciences and humanities. 1) Which of the following countries is considered a high-context culture? In other words, to be seen as effective, the time-tested adage continues to apply: "When in Rome do as the Romans do." These norms can influence business practices, as they can affect the way people interact with each other, negotiate, and make decisions. These scholars reject the abstracted postmodern aspects of cultural sociology, and instead, look for a theoretical backing in the more scientific vein of social psychology and cognitive science.[41]. As a first step to gauge leader effectiveness across cultures, GLOBE empirically established nine cultural dimensions that make it possible to capture the similarities and/or differences in norms, values, beliefs and practicesamong societies. For uses in the natural sciences, see, Early researchers and development of cultural sociology, Tylor, Edward. "Direct borrowing," on the other hand, tends to refer to technological or tangible diffusion from one culture to another. Concentration on self or at the most very near and dear ones, and concern with behavioral relationships as well as own goals, interests, and needs. Which of the following statements about today's business environments is most accurate? Cultural change, or repositioning, is the reconstruction of a cultural concept of a society. Self-sufficiency and value independence, and placement of self-interest over collective interest. The LibreTexts libraries arePowered by NICE CXone Expertand are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. Equally, this view often portrayed indigenous peoples as "noble savages" living authentic and unblemished lives, uncomplicated and uncorrupted by the highly stratified capitalist systems of the West. Sometimes "culture" is also used to describe specific practices within a subgroup of a society, a subculture (e.g. Which of the following is not a dimension of culture? On the one hand, this can be physical impact on individual objects or the destruction caused by increasing environmental pollution and, on the other hand, socio-cultural effects on society. 38. teaches its members how to behave and conditions their reactions. b. [65][66] The Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict and the UNESCO Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions deal with the protection of culture. [63] Cultural lenses may also make people view the same outcome of events differently. All are benefits of a diverse work environment. Which statement about the effect of social media and communication technology on culture is most accurate? is created by a structured educational system. Visual arts of the Indigenous peoples of the Americas In conclusion, Japan is a high context culture characterized by shared values, norms, and beliefs. Which word would be, To prevent reactions due to language usage, Peter should probably use "layoff" to describe his company's need to let go of employees. This means that the members' identity is heavily rooted in groups, i.e., families and work units. Cultural Dimensions and Culture Clusters: GLOBE's major premise (and finding) is that leader effectiveness is contextual, that is, it is embedded in the societal and organizational norms, values, and beliefs of the people being led. "[52] The American version of cultural studies initially concerned itself more with understanding the subjective and appropriative side of audience reactions to, and uses of, mass culture; for example, American cultural-studies advocates wrote about the liberatory aspects of fandom. c. However, some other species have demonstrated similar, though much less complicated, abilities for social learning. UNESCO and its partner organizations such as Blue Shield International coordinate international protection and local implementation. Hi, I'm Happy Sharer and I love sharing interesting and useful knowledge with others. Which of the following countries represents a high - Course Hero [2] High-context cultures often exhibit less-direct verbal and nonverbal . [33] American anthropology is organized into four fields, each of which plays an important role in research on culture: biological anthropology, linguistic anthropology, cultural anthropology, and in the United States and Canada, archaeology. Solved 1) Which of the following countries is considered a - Chegg Finally, globalization has had both positive and negative impacts on the culture, providing opportunities for cultural exchange but also posing challenges for preserving a high context culture. Confrontation is accepted as an attribute. . Every country has a unique culture or common heritage that. This emerges in the writings of early British cultural-studies scholars and their influences: see the work of (for example) Raymond Williams, Stuart Hall, Paul Willis, and Paul Gilroy. a. There are strong distinctions made between individuals who are members of the ingroup and those who are not members in high-context cultures. Power distance These practices comprise the ways people do particular things (such as watching television or eating out) in a given culture. c. [68][69][70], Tourism is having an increasing impact on the various forms of culture.
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